Canadian prisoners from the Dieppe Raid of August 1942 were transferred to Stargard from Stalag VIII-B in January 1944. One attempt to escape occurred when a group of POWs were being transported in open trucks through Italy. | 1 Wooden hut at Lobau with 200 British POWs. Typical contents of such a parcel included: Approximately 163,000 such parcels were made up each week during World War II; after being assembled, they were shipped on special ships to Lisbon, Portugal or Marseilles, France, where they were loaded onto railway cars and shipped to Geneva, Switzerland. In 1940 the Poles were joined by Belgian and French prisoners, and by Soviets in 1941. | (Hospital). He and five other prisoners were to leave the castle disguised as a work party removing clothes from the clothing store, four to be dressed as Polish orderlies, one disguised as a German officer, the other as a German soldier. Camp E715 Buna/Monowitz where POWs worked alongside Jewish inmates from the adjacent Auschwitz III KZ (Konzentrationslager) -otherwise known as Extermination through work (Vernichtung durch Arbeit) camp. On December 1, 1941 the prisoner count was: 1664 Poles, 18,210 French, 2,871 Belgian, 2,459 British, 5,361 Serbians, 9,271 Soviets. Stalag 317 or (XVIII-C) Markt, Pongau (St. Johann) Salzburg, Austria, Stalag 326 or VI-K Forelkrug Uber Paderborn Westfalen, Prussia, Stalag 344 Lamsdorf (Formerly Stalag VIII- Silesia), Stalag 357 Oerbke (Near Fallingbostel) Prussia. Before that many prisoners had been marched out in a south-west direction. They were liberated by the British 11th Armoured Division on 1 May 1945. It housed 600 POW's - British, French, Belgium, Dutch and Poles. 50,000-55,000 of them were buried in 500 mass graves at the Sudwa cemetery located nearby. After the Fall of France in 1940, most Polish officers were transferred to either Oflag VIIA Murnau or Oflag VIII E Johannisbrunn, and French officers were imprisoned in the castle. After 1935 it was a training camp and military training area for the newly reconstituted German Army. Originally designed to hold 4,000 in July 1942. The Red Cross arranged them following the provisions of the third Geneva convention of 1929. The successful escapes by Lt. Michael Duncan and Captain O'Sullivan were documented extensively at the time by British Intelligence. In reality, however, successful escapes were rare. November 1939 - Polish officers and a small number of orderlies were transported to Hadamar from other collection camps in Poland. These contain every name officially recorded for March/April 1945 for German camps and August/September 1943 for Italian camps. On the way to the border they were stopped by an SS policeman, but their forged papers were sufficient to pass inspection. We place some essential cookies on your device to make this website work. Some accounts state this was formerly Oflag IIIc -however O3c was some distance away in Lubben south of Berlin, so this seems unlikely. These officers were the incorrigible ones - the ones who had escaped before and intended to do so again. A large number of the inmates made their way to the Swiss frontier and were interned when the Italian guards abandoned their posts after the armistice in 1943. P.G. By the spring of 1942 an estimated 18,000 had died of hunger and disease, mainly typhus fever. Initially the camp was guarded by Naval troops. In 1943, after the withdrawal of Italy from the war, the German army transferred Allied officers from camps in Italy, such as Sulmona, to Hadamar. On 12 April 1945 large numbers were marched to Stalag VII-A, and on 16 April the camp was liberated by advance elements of the United States Army, Stalag XVII-A Kaisersteinbruck Bei Bruck Austria Location N/E 48-16. Some prisoners were bayoneted; others kicked and hit. Stars: These records, in the series WO 416, consist of British and Allied prisoner of war records created by the Germans and captured by the Allied forces when the camps were liberated at the end of the war. However the situation improved as the war went on. May 1940: The camp was built to house Belgian and French enlisted men captured in the Battle of France; initial count: 600. The first contained Allied prisoners in unsatisfactory conditions, but generally in compliance with the International Red Cross Convention. The camp was designated Stalag XX-A (301) and located in the Friesack area, Brandenburg region. Free exhibitions held in venues, which do not charge an entry fee. Whilst they were ostensibly for collection of air force personnel their main purpose was as interrogation centres for newly captured aircrew, before they were transferred in batches to the permanent camps. The third tunnel ran westwards from the westernmost barrack block under a sentry tower on the south-western corner of the camp. Oflag VII-B Eichstatt (British) Bavaria 49-11, Oflag X-B Nienburg An Der Weser Hanover, Prussia 52-09, Oflag XII-B Hadamar Hessen-Nassau, Prussia 50-08. The first prisoners included Belgian, Dutch and French soldiers taken during the Battle of France. In 1943 the Germans suggested an exchange of equal numbers of Merchant Navy prisoners, but this offer was refused by the First Lord of the Admiralty A. V. Alexander on the grounds it would be more to Germany's benefit, as it would provide them with a large number of men suitable to be used as U-boat crews, of which they were desperately short. All of these reports were made by officers and men of the armed forces and merchant navy and usually provide: service details; when and where captured; home address and civilian occupation. Red Cross inspection reports identified Oflag IV-C as a problem camp with inadequate sanitary and harsh confinement measures. 332 . Stars: Records of some 125,000 captives with surnames A-L can now be fully searched in our catalogue, Discovery, and you can see when we expect to fully catalogue the remaining pieces by looking at this page, under arrangement. Stalag V-B is recorded as at Villingen AND Biberach an de Ris both in Baden Location N/E 48-08, it is possible these are the 2 nearest locations hence it was named as both. Although designated as a POW camp, this appears like many mainly Soviet POW camps to actually be a slave labour camp. Stalag Luft III Sagan-Silesia Bavaria (Moved to Nuremberg-Langwasser) Location N/E 49-11. The stronger helped the weaker. Opened October 1940, closed March 1944 and redesignated as Oflag 67 (LXVII). Oflag 64 or XXI-B Schubin (Moved to Usedom) Poland, Altburgund Location N/E 53-17. Within a few days they were liberated by British troops pushing eastward. Planning for the camp commenced before the invasion of Poland. 14 sub work camps also at isola della scala, Lazise, Mozzecane, Vigasio, San Bernadino, Montecchia di Crosara, Legnano, Vendagadizza, Zevio, San Matino buon Albergo, Bonavigo, Oppeano & Angiari. It was designed with a holding capacity of 10,000 only despite (as many) holding many more than this for most of its existence. As in other permanent camps the sheets on the beds were the biggest surprise to new arrivals. In June 1942 it was renumbered Oflag XII-B. | Frederick Valk, 60 min Also a separate part of the camp was set aside as a hospital for prisoners Reserve Lazarett 742. It is estimated that altogether 650,000 people passed through this camp and its' sub-camps. | Gross: On a third occasion, he tried to escape a camp by climbing its fences in broad daylight. Opened in February 1942, by12th May 1942 it held some 3150, including 387 New Zealanders, on February 26th 1943 it held 8,970. Broke into Kommandant's office, cut hole into storeroom, out of storeroom in German and Polish orderly uniforms. Digital files of films and sound recordings are available at cost depending on intended use. The first prisoners, 140 Polish officers, arrived in 1939 and the castle was officially renamed as Oflag IV-C. Records concerning Royal Air Force and Allied Air Force prisoners will be found in the correspondence of the Air Ministry in AIR 2 (code B 89), as well as in the Unregistered Papers (PoWs) in AIR 20 (code 89). . From the port of disembarkation prisoners of war went to transit camps in the south of Italy. George Charlton was a Staff Sergeant in the Royal Army Medical Corps who was imprisoned in Singapore from February 1942 to the end of the war, mainly in Changi camp until March 1945 when he was moved to the prisoner of war hospital at Kranji. Oflag VI-A Soest Prussia Location N/E 51-08. The USSME reports from 26/2/43 show 2714 POWs here. When the Soviet front approached, orders were given to move the prisoners to other camps further west. Under normal conditions the camps had a capacity of 5,300. Near to the Main Leipzig Railway station with 25 patients. The camp was liberated 26 March 1945 by the United States Army. A very unique window into WWII, as well as into prison life. A huge camp with many compounds and work sites away from the main camp, in fams and factories, partially within the old castle of Malbork. Adventure, Drama, War. On 18 December 1944 the camp was bombed by U.S. aircraft. Director: The Colditz Association is now the Colditz Society. The number of remarkable stories it contains is incredible, the pacing is fast and taut, and the inclusion of original recollections from the prisoners and one of their captors adds tremendous texture. Some prisoners were even billeted to live with the local Austrian families. The file WO 208/3242 is particularly informative. Stalag IV-D/Z Annaburg (Formerly Oflag 54.E) Sachsen, Prussia Location N/E 51-13, Stalag IV-F + Work Camps Hartmannsdorf-Chemnitz Saxony Location N/E 51-12. The Fund's operations include assistance to widows and orphans of fallen colleagues in the country, the fees for the lawyers defending prisoners before German courts, the payment of salaries of the cadets and soldiers, as well as cultural and educational activities. It is known that many men who were POW are missing and so it's worth checking the other sources noted in this tutorial. Most of them headed south, towards Switzerland, sleeping by day and travelling by night. That day the Kommandant, Hauptmann Steiner, had handed over control of the camp to the Senior British Medical Officer and the "Men of Confidence". By July 1941 Stalag XVIII-D contained nearly 4,500 British and Commonwealth prisoners captured in Greece and Crete. By 1941 a theatre had been built. Besides, some include dates of death, exchange, repatriation and arrival back in the United Kingdom. After another train journey the men were force marched from Kiefheide, with many men being bayoneted or shot before they reached Stalag Luft IV in Gross Tychow. Stalag X-B was a World War II German Prisoner-of-war camp located near Sandbostel in north-western Germany. Peter Finch, Stalag XXI-D Posen (Posnan) Poland Location N/E 52-17. Disguised as members of the league of German girls. In September 1939 two Stalags, Stalag 302 and Stalag 323 were established to house Polish prisoners from the German September 1939 offensive. Take a fresh look at the legendary escapes, featuring stories from both Colditz survivors and their extended families. The sick were mistreated when dysentery and diarrhoea set in. It was later used by Germans (SS) as a main transit camp (Durchgangslager) for deportation to Germany of Jews and political opponents. Another successful escaper from Marlag was Lieutenant David James, RNVR. It is understood that he wished for a slightly earlier start to catch a train for his intended escape route. Up to 5,000 POWs were housed here at any one time (Greeks, Maltese, Cypriots, British, Americans, French, Slavs). A few hours later the German army arrived at the camp and the inmates were marched to trains that were to take them to Germany. Actually in Yugoslavia, the Carnaro district was annexed to fascist Italy in 1941. District IX Nearest City Altona, near Hamburg in the middle North of Germany. In January 1945 the officers were marched out westward, finally arriving at Oflag III-A in Luckenwalde, south of Berlin. 172 min Tobacco could be bought in bulk and sent directly via Switzerland via the tobacco companies themselves also. The red brick stables were converted to barracks to house prisoners when the site was converted to a POW camp in October 1939. 4975984 Private Claude Warner Sherwood Foresters died 9/8/1942
Stalag XVIII-A Wolfsberg Carinthia, Austria Location N/E 46-15, Stalag XVIII-A/Z Spittal Drau (Became Ilag 17) Carinthia, Austria Location N/E 46-13. After this incident, Upham was considered extremely dangerous and was placed in solitary confinement. | The main centre used during the war was at Oberursel near Frankfurt. When the Soviet front approached, orders were given to move the prisoners to other camps further west. Fraternization between local people and prisoners was strictly forbidden, although it certainly happened. He was only allowed to exercise alone, while accompanied by two armed guards and while covered by a machinegun in a tower. While the plans to question all liberated POWs never materialised, these records still represent a large percentage of those in enemy hands in 1945. The Germans could not be collaborated with. This grim and claustrophobic drama chronicles the lives of the prisoners in Colditz Castle from the arrival of the first British prisoners after Dunkirk until the liberation of the castle by the Americans in 1945. There were 4 sub camps located in the vicinity also. There may be more up to date location references via Wikipedia articles, however. | Frank Sinatra, In 1941 more officer prisoners arrived from the Balkans Campaign mostly British, Yugoslavian, Serbs and Greeks. Many prisoners died, mainly Soviets, as their living conditions and rations were substantially inferior to the other prisoners. Most of the men were moved by train to Stalag XX-A in West Prussia, but some 900 were taken to the port of Memel, where they were put aboard the merchant ship Insterburg for a 60-hour journey to Swinemnde. Jack Hedley, Tous Public The famous camp of The Great Escape of 24/3/44 and the Wooden Horse escape of October 1943. Downloading audio-visual for non-commercial offline listening or viewing. There are also reports of POWs being held at Concentration camps such as Auschwitz, Dachau etc. Between 1939 and 1945 1 million POWs of 46 nations passed through. Released were 535 Italians, 58 Yugoslavs, 3 Poles, 399 Soviets, 3 medical staff (unknown nationality). Often, the food was placed in the barn in the dark of night for the men to get what they could. Attempted to walk out disguised as a woman. Feldpost- a postal address for military use, these usually have a 5 digit number designation and would be prefixed M for Naval addresses and L for Air Force addresses. It was named "Lindele". 134 min Dulag or Durchgangslager (transit camp) These camps were intelligence collection centres, Prisoners were always supposed to come to one of these before going on to a permanent Stalag/Oflag camp, stay duration could be as short as just one or two days. The camp was opened on 6 June 1944, and by July held 230 prisoners, all RAF flying crews. Most were immediately sent to Arbeitskommandos (work details). A number of the French were from African colonial regiments and were used for the worst work such as collecting refuse. With John Mills, Eric Portman, Frederick Valk, Denis Shaw. On 5 February, Polish General Tadeusz Br-Komorowski, deputy commander of the Armia Krajowa (Home Army) and responsible for the Warsaw Uprising, arrived with his entourage. In spring of 1943 American personnel captured in the Tunisia Campaign arrived. After the Armistice, anybody wishing to leave the camp was forcibly prevented from doing so under the orders of the senior British officer who was following to the letter the orders of Allied HQ to remain in the camp and await the arrival of Allied forces. The SHAEF report mentions malnutrition/lice and infections hence it is thought unlikely there were any remaining Western Allied officer POWs still held at liberation at this camp. A second tunnel, about 40 m (130 ft) long, was built from April to August 1944. Kazimierz is in the centre of Krakow: the old Jewish quarter including the area when Oskar Schindler's factory was located. Escaped en route to Leipzig for court martial. It has had a chequered history over the past 500 years and has been used for a variety of purposes including a hunting lodge, workhouse, mental hospital, sanatorium, political prison and hospital. Several British Generals were imprisoned here, including Major-General Sir Adrian Carton de Wiart, Air-Marshal Owen Tudor Boyd, Lt-General Richard O'Connor, Lt-General Philip Neame, and New Zealander Brigadiers Reginald Miles and James Hargest. The castle was then used as an Internment Camp Ilag VII for men from the British Channel Islands of Jersey and Guernsey until the camp was liberated in May 1945. On January 21, 1945, the roll call established a total of 1,471. This camps commandant Calcaterra was killed by Italian Partisans in 1943, had this not happened he would have faced a war crimes tribunal for his brutality against the POWs in his charge. Another notable escape attempt occurred on 12th June 1943 (the delousing break) where Squadron Leader Roger Bushell organised for 26 men to escape from 32 who attempted, none managed to get very far and were captured soon after. It contained POW camps for non-commissioned officers and other ranks. Notable POWs who were held here include (briefly) Colditz inmate and escape officer Pat Reid who was held for 3 months before escaping, being recaptured and sent to Colditz where he finally escaped to freedom from later. The POWs left in the camp were liberated by the Soviet army on 8 May 1945, however this liberation like many other camps meant they were simply robbed of anything valuable by their allies and locked back up until the Soviets allowed them to return home later. There was a hospital located near here at Saandhof & Stolzenberg and 350 British & US and 200 other ranks were there on March 17th 1945. 5879272 Sergeant C H Jones Pioneer Regiment died 15/8/1942. On June 6, 1943 the camp was redesignated Oflag 64; it became an American officers-only camp with the arrival of officers captured in the North Africa Campaign in Tunisia. Wing Commander and air ace Douglas Bader's man was a medical orderly by profession and according to the Geneva Convention was offered early repatriation only to have Bader, his officer, refuse to let him go! District XX Nearest city Olsztyn, Poland (German name: Allenstein). There was a hospital for Italian military internees in the Oerbke camp, but its patients were transferred to a separate section of the Bergen-Belsen POW hospital in late July 1944. The guard would then come back into formation alone. A former residence of the kings of Saxony, the castle was used in 1939 as a prisoner-of-war . | The POWs lived in barrack huts that were divided into two dormitories each housing around 100 men, with a small kitchen and a washroom between them. Oh, were they wrong! OFLAG Va Weinburg (Baden- Wurttemburg) Germany. Drama, War. Early 1945 reports have 27303 POWs with 491 officers, 214 of which were British, later reports show 217 British, 17 US, 9439 Soviets, 40 Belgians, 299 Yugoslavs, 1835 Italians and 5030 French. The camp was designed eventually to hold up to12,000 men. At one time, they travelled 40 miles, only advancing a few. Situated in a monastery in Bergamo district. The camp was eventually dissolved, and its attendees were sent to fight on the Eastern Front, or interned in concentration camps after 1943. Food was very scarce and below starvation rations. Laurence Fox, 50 min Opened 02/41 Closed 10/44 - mostly French officers. 14,425 The camp was liberated in May 1945. Hence a person imprisoned under the main camp (Stalag III for example), could not have been kept there for the majority of his time as a POW and may have had an easier or harder experience than those kept elsewhere. As was usual for Stalags, many of the prisoners were located in Arbeitslager ("Work camps") on farms or adjacent to factories or other industrial operations. It should be noted that recently this source is not a complete roll of everyone who was in the Italian POW system for various reasons, although it's the only sdingle source that has the majority. In March 1945 two bombs dropped by a Soviet aircraft hit Block B killing eight POWs, and injuring several others. German and Italian camps! Vas du das Krieg est uber" - "For You the War is over." From the Camp looking north through the perimeter barbed wire system, there was a spectacular view of the Dolomites and the mountains of nearby Yugoslavia. Lists of Royal Navy personnel interned in enemy camps may be found in many of the files in ADM 1 (code 79) and ADM 116 (code 79), although the exact files are not identifiable from our catalogue. Some of the material on this page was partially derived from < en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stalag> and ,, , , , Piotr Setkiewicz 'The Histories of Auschwitz IG Farben werk camps 1941-45. In May 1945 the camp was liberated by the Red Army. Housed 42202 POWs with 27 officers, 271 British. Housed up to 2,000 eastern European POWs, this was the biggest POW camp in Umbria. Pel, Naturally all incoming and outgoing mail was censored. All POWs were supposed to be protected by rules for the treatment of prisoners of war which had been established in the Geneva Convention of 1929. (Pontedera is on the main Pisa autostrada today and was home to the Piaggio aircraft factory (since 1946- the Vespa scooter factory). Please enter your password, it must be 8 or more characters, I agree to Terms and Conditions and Privacy Statement, Listing of all known Italian camps with location N/E. | Director: The Red Cross inspection visit of 15th Oct 1942 declared the camp to be healthy during the height of summer, however they also declared it should be closed before the onset of winter due to having no suitable cold weather facilities. P.G. It was liberated by a Soviet armoured division on 28 April 1945. Interesting read about Colditz Castle, a prison for difficult prisoners during the Second World War. About 14,000 men are buried there. Prisoner of War was a magazine published and distributed by the International Red Cross during World War II - it was a joint venture between the British Red Cross and the Order of St John. There were several escape attempts during the summer of 1941. Stalag VIII-A Gorlitz (Moved to Moosburg Murenberg) Silesia Location N/E 51-15. In December 1943 James slipped out of the shower block, but was arrested at the port of Lbeck. | Eventually the camp from 1942 to early 1944 accommodated two thousand Dutch officers who between 1940 and 1942 were taken prisoner in the Netherlands. The POWs were only in this camp for about a week; when lagers A and B from Stalag Luft IV were taken out on their final march, this time east. This installation was significantly expanded from June 1941, once Germany prepared to invade the Soviet Union, becoming an independent camp known as Stalag XI-C (311). Tom Hardy, When a wagon was not available and a POW fell out along the road, a German guard would drop back and a shot would be heard. Most of the prisoners were British officers captured during the Battle of France in 1940. In June 1943 it was renamed Stalag Luft VI and used to hold British and Canadian Air Force NCOs, and from February 1944, also Americans. The location of Colditz Castle, situated on a steep conical hill above the River Mulde and surrounded by barbed wire and under the watchful eyes of armed sentries, made the camp difficult, but not impossible, to escape from. By July 1941 Stalag XVIII-D contained nearly 4,500 British and Commonwealth prisoners captured the! Them headed south, towards Switzerland, sleeping by day and travelling by night Altona near. Only advancing a few days they were liberated by the British 11th Armoured Division on 28 1945... European POWs, this was formerly Oflag IIIc -however O3c was some distance away in Lubben of... 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