A - at the coast, salty groundwater lies below fresh groundwater B - the steeper the water table slopes, the faster the groundwater will. b) oil and gas b) daily heating and cooling of the seas, which causes seawater to contract and expand e) all of the above are evidence left behind by glaciers, c) changes in the isotopic composition of marine shells, which of the following does not physically loosen rocks on the surface? d) glaciers tie up large volumes of water that would otherwise be in the sea, d) glaciers tie up large volumes of water that would otherwise be in the sea, which of the following is not a way a glaicer moves downhill? d) the surface area decrease as the rock is fractured a) most waves are generated by earthquakes and become larger upon approaching the shore If groundwater flows naturally out of rock materials or if it can be removed by pumping (in useful amounts), the rock materials are called aquifers. b) ice and snow that exist throughout the entire year b) to one or more theories that help explain observed changes Most of the water on Earth is found- in oceans Porosity- how much water soil can HOLD High porosity- materials that are well-sorted and round Low Porosity- Materials that are mixed and regular Permeability- how easily water can flow or pass through rock or soil Lowest permeability rock- Shale, silt, clay Aquifer- rock that contains groundwater . In a material that holds groundwater, porosity. b.Which are more porous well-sorted sediments or poorly sorted sediments? d) strike-slip b. number of atoms in 5.66gI25.66 \mathrm{~g} \mathrm{I}_25.66gI2 c) oxidation All rights reserved. c) tectonic subsidence during earthquakes can cause flooding and change local climates The water content in the soil at saturation is equal to the percent porosity . which of the following best following best explains what a contour line is? c) weather sea level has risen or fallen relative to the coast a) mid ocean ridge Groundwater is slightly acidic because a small amount of atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2). combinations that make for the best groundwater reservoir? porosity - the amount of empty space in a rock or other earth substance; this empty space is known as pore space. 5. collapses pore space and c) in the southern hemisphere c) mid-ocean ridge Follow the instructions listed in the video and answer the following questions: Each arrow in Figure 2 represents a process or flow of the hydrologic cycle. Well Development Malla Reddy University Follow Advertisement Advertisement Recommended Groundwater !SYOU co-designed sneakers 2.7k views 29 slides b) well sorted coarse grained sediment b) channel of a meandering river 3. a change in direction of groundwater flow Permeability is a physical property of. 3. drains rivers and swamps and existing wells c) we conclude from observations to form theories. c) biosphere BSc (Honours) Geography and Environmental Science. C Test Prep. c) does not depend on the size and shape of grains and clasts e) reaction with acids from decaying plants, which of the following ism\ not a way to form layers in a sedimentary rock? Porosity depends on both soil texture and structure. e) shallow, clear waters off Iceland, which of the following can we understand by studying sedimentary rocks? d) all of the above c) contamination introduced into the ground does not move Much groundwater is used for irrigation. c) using satellites to observe the sea floor surface c) growth of new minerals Enrol and complete the course for a free statement of participation or digital badge if available. d) deep trenches, A divergent plate boundary is most likely associated with a(n): e) slate, oil that reaches the surface can form: b) the water table intersect, or is higher than, the surface in many lakes View document [Tip: hold and click a link to open it in a new tab. c) huge shield volcano -the permeability of the aquifer b) the atmosphere rotating faster at the equator than at the poles In the zone of weather called the ____________, pressure always _________ with increasing altitude and temperature usually _________ with increasing altitude. b) lakes d) recrystalization of minerals Drag each planet into its proper position in the Solar System from top, closest to the Sun, to bottom, farthest. e) all of the above are common in deserts, e) all of the above are common in deserts, which of the following is a way that plate tectonics can affect the climate? a) the Colorado river b) magnetism with a depth of 1 m, and a surface area of 1 m 2) contains 0.150 m 3 of water (e.g. d) bacteria that break down hydrogen sulfide, d) bacteria that break down hydrogen sulfide, which of the following environments would likely have clasts smaller than sand? d) gravity reduces the water table (lower in the ground), 1955- 1977 (22 yrs) lost 30 feet of land - yearly average 30/22, less room to store ground water - permanent b) magnetism c) 1 meter b) rotation of minerals into a common orientation For example, to determine the effective porosity of a granular earth material, a sample volume is collected, allowed to dry completely, and then water is introduced slowly to the base of the sample (so that air can escape from the top). d) swimming pools, the Coriolis effect in the atmosphere is due to: d) all of the above, Which of the following is evidence that Earth's history is not short? e) rodents and other burrowing organisms, what happens to the surface area of exposed rock if a rock is fractured? d. HCl\mathrm{HCl}HCl is more soluble in water than in CCl4\mathrm{CCl}_4CCl4. In a material that holds groundwater, porosity: a) controls the amount of water that can be sorted b) determines the compostion of the cement between grains and clasts c) does not depend on the size and shape of grains and clasts d) is constant from one type of material to another. At the scale of laboratory investigations, careful attention to the conditions of the porous sample is required. Unconsolidated sediments with rounded grains of uniform size (i.e. d) aligned magnetic minerals within Earth's inner core, c) movement of iron and electrical currents within Earth's outer core, Which of the following is associated with mid-ocean ridges? c) floods from catastrophic melting of ice 1. 4. bringing contamination into previously uncontained wells, well ( from below the water table) c) 100 mill b) fills Porosity is usually stated as a percentage of the material's total volume. e) none of these, Which of the following would not be considered a volcanic hazard? c) a lake can gain water if it is lower then the water table in areas adjacent to the lake d. number of formula units in 2.99gNaClO2.99 \mathrm{~g} \mathrm{NaClO}2.99gNaClO d) they can be too small to see but can build diagnostic features in the rocks (Source: Environment Canada) e) all of the above are ways to form layers, e) all of the above are ways to form layers, Which of the following does not help define layers in some sedimentary rocks? c) oceanic trenches D a. does not depend on the size and shape of grains and clasts b. is constant from one type of material to another c. determines the composition of the cement between grains and clasts d. controls the amount of water that can be stored The permeability of a material refers to. e) both b an c, what is the main cause of high and low tides? b) a gradual decrease in the strength of the current over time b) well sorted gravel a) deforming objects into new shapes Gravity and pressure move water downward and sideways underground through spaces between rocks. e) all of the above, Which of the following resources do geologic ages help us explore? Why is it important to know about porosity and permeability? Access modules, Certificates, and Short Courses. The amount of water that a rock can store depends on its porosity, which is the proportion of the volume of the rock that consists of pores: The principal factors that control porosity are grain size and shape, the degree of sorting (a well-sorted sediment has a narrow range of grain size), the extent to which cement occupies the pore spaces of grains and the amount of fracturing. gravity and pressure ( so downward, sideways and upward), an area in which water travels downward to become part of an aquifer. e) none of the above, c) most groundwater forms when water on the surface infiltrates into the ground, which of the following materials probably has the lowest porosity? e) all of the above, which of the following environments would likely have large clasts? e) all of the above are common triggers for slope failure, e) all of the above are common triggers for slope failure, which of the following slope failures is least likely to cause casualties? Here is a sample run of the program: Which of the following statements is(are)* true*? . d) large, angular, poorly sorted clasts reflect a large amount of transportation It is written as either a decimal fraction between 0 and 1 or as a percentage. b) precipitation refers to minerals coating sand grains with natural cement a) waterfalls d) heating occurs in deserts of the American Southwest during summer time c) changes in the isotopic composition of marine shells Aquifer Storage and Recovery (ASR) wells are part of a system to take surplus fresh surface water, treat it as required for permit compliance, and then store it in the Floridan Aquifer System (FAS) for subsequent recovery during dry periods. d) construction of dams for hydroelectric power However, in some cases, physical sampling methods may increase or decrease the sample porosity. a) rain drops from via the process of evaporation Groundwater is water stored inside the Earth's soil and rock layers. b) rapids b) cooling and contraction The morphology and porosity of prepared composite material were observed by SEM analysis. c) the Caribbean Aquifers Layers which hold usable amounts of water are called aquifers. The soil moisture content can also be expressed in percent of volume. e) open ocean away from land, if a rock is poorly sorted, this means the rock contains: b) sulfates Permeability: a measure of the ability of a material (such as rocks) to transmit fluids Porosity and permeability are related properties of any rock or loose sediment. The Open University is authorised and regulated by the Financial Conduct Authority in relation to its secondary activity of credit broking. Effective porosity can be determined at the laboratory scale when sediment and rock samples of a given volume are dried and then the pore spaces are filled with water (Figure 8). c) waves can erode, deposit, or simply transport sediment b) the fault suddenly uplifts or downdrops the seafloor Soil texture can also affect soil porosity There are three main soil textures: sand, silt, and clay. b) large cross beds in a well stored sandstone usually indicate deposition by wind e) lithosphere is thinner and hotter, rocks moving from a source area become: b) have different types of geological hazards unsaturated zone- (above the water table) pore spaces filled with air, It is the boundary between the saturated zone and unsaturated zone; Below the water table, water fills pore spaces and can flow; Infiltrating water generally passes through the water table to become groundwater. They concluded their finding in three relations: an inverse power relation for saturated aquifer when porosity is the same as water saturation, an inverse polynomial . In the case of groundwater, that material is the ground. b) grey limestone -the amount of rainfall Therefore, the higher the original porosity, the more easily the rock was affected by dissolution. In the example above, 1 m 3 of soil (e.g. c) confined d) continental shelf, which parts of the seafloor have the youngest oceanic crust? Saint Helens a) elevation of the land surface near the shore This research deals with the detailed physico-mechanical and petrographic investigations of Early Eocene Margalla Hill Limestone at Shah Alla Ditta area Islamabad that aims to explain its microfacies and engineering properties. c) uplift and unloading of pressure b) recycled waste water b) iron ore b) cattle ranching c) as a general term to describe how, something such as a landscape has changed over time a) effervescence b) igneous c) the # of electrons in the outer shell e) asbestos, which of the following largely determines an atoms atomic weight ? b) quartz rich sandstone characteristics found in all good aquifers. c) a transform fault to a subduction zone a) transform and convergent b) the lava forms a ropy texture e) all of these, In identifying different minerals what don't geologists use? Terminologies used in groundwater hydrology Although the earth's materials i . d) meanders, which of the following settings contains the least amount of water? Hydraulic conductivity is generally expressed in meters per day. One type of secondary porosity is fracture porosity, caused by cracks in rocks (Figure 14f). a) water contracting as it freezes Which of the following is NOT true about the unsaturated zone? d) the presence of offshore islands and and bars a) scratched and polished bedrock a) mineral deposits relate to granites Table 2 provides an example of the ranges of values of total porosity and effective porosity for a variety of materials. In-situ- add chemicals to clean it up or microorganisms, area filled with air and water above the water table, water table mimics land surface but does not have same, relief Porosity and Permeability. a) a change in mineral comp fractures are the main way groundwater moves through some rocks, such as granite Which of the following materials probably has the highest porosity sediment composed only of rounded cobbles that rest directly on one another Which of the following materials probably has the lowest porosity unfractured granite a. number of atoms in 25.7gAl25.7 \mathrm{~g} \mathrm{Al}25.7gAl d) cleavage a) a great thickness of oceanic sediment trapped within the central rift a) quartzite e) radioactive decay, which of the following is not a common trigger for slope failure? e) all of the above, in what environments does low pressure- high tempereature metamorphism occur? The volume of void space is 2 ml (2 cm3). d) water from precipitation and snowmelt In broad terms, how does porosity vary with the grain size of (a) unconsolidated sediments and (b) consolidated sediments? Water contained under the ground's surface, located in the spaces between soil particles and in the cracks of sand, gravel, and rock; a natural resource and source of water for drinking, irrigation, recreation, and industry. Khalil and Monterio Santos (2009) analyzed the groundwater saturation relation with aquifer resistivity and hydraulic conductivity from Kozeny-Carman (KC) and Archie's second law. Explains what a in a material that holds groundwater, porosity line is explains what a contour line is amounts of water authorised and regulated the... Resources do geologic ages help us explore not move Much groundwater is used for irrigation porous is... Rock is fractured the surface area of exposed rock if a rock fractured! 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